Ghost Farms:

Ghost Farms:

Unveiling the Impact of Abandoned Fish Farms on Marine Ecosystems and Communities

Ghost Farms:

Unveiling the Impact of Abandoned Fish Farms on Marine Ecosystems and Communities

Abandoned fish farms, also known as 'ghost farms', are aquaculture sites left to decay in the sea after they are abandoned or no longer in use. These once-productive facilities become environmental hazards as their structures deteriorate and release debris, plastic, and pollutants into the surrounding waters . This pollution disrupts marine ecosystems, causing harm to underwater flora and fauna, and creating hazardous conditions for marine life through "ghost fishing"—where abandoned equipment continues to entangle and kill sea creatures. The environmental degradation extends to habitat destruction and affects the local economy by impacting coastal communities, fisheries and tourism. Since 2019, Healthy Seas has focused on addressing this critical issue, having initiated major cleanup operations in Greece in 2021 and 2022
. In 2024, we launched a larger-scale operation called Ghost Farms: Reclaiming Waters targeting multiple sites across the western region of Greece. Our approach involves mapping abandoned fish farms, collaborating with stakeholders, and engaging in extensive cleanup efforts to restore these marine environments. All collected waste from these massive clean-ups is recycled either locally or, in the case of fish farming nets, through our founding partner Aquafil. Aquafil employs an innovative recycling process that transforms nylon waste—including these nets—into new, high-quality nylon for a range of products. By tackling ghost farms, we aim to rejuvenate local ecosystems, support affected communities, and raise awareness of the broader environmental impact.
Main Impacts of Ghost Farms

Main Impacts of Ghost Farms

  • Ecological Impact: Abandoned fish farms become hotspots for environmental degradation. The structures, cages, and equipment left behind often deteriorate, releasing debris, plastic, and pollutants into the surrounding waters. This pollution disrupts the delicate balance of marine life, affecting the health of underwater flora and fauna.
  • Ghost Fishing: The abandoned structures can also become traps for marine life, continuing to ensnare fish, turtles, and other sea creatures even after they’re no longer operational. This perpetuates a phenomenon known as “ghost fishing,” where marine animals get caught in these abandoned nets or structures and die, impacting biodiversity and ecosystem health.
  • Habitat Degradation: The presence of these derelict structures alters the natural habitats and can damage the seabed, hindering the natural regeneration and growth of marine ecosystems. This alteration further threatens the biodiversity of the Mediterranean’s coastal areas.
  • Economic and Social Impact: Abandoned fish farms can impact local economies and communities dependent on healthy marine environments. Reduced fish populations, contaminated waters, and altered habitats can disrupt livelihoods reliant on fishing and tourism, affecting the socio-economic fabric of coastal regions.

Our Main Clean-ups of Ghost Farms and Results

Ghost Farm Clean-up 2024

Patras and Island of Ithaka, Greece

Clean-up above and underwater in two sites: Patras and Ithaka (the deeper part of the fish farm).
Various school education activities with the European Outdoor Education Hub.
Various activities in Universities of Western Greece with students of agriculture and aquaculture.

To be continued in October with one more site....

Ghost Farm Clean-up 2022

Island of Ithaka, Greece

Clean-up above and underwater on the island of Ithaka.
Education activities in schools and awareness raising events.
An award winning documentary.

Ghost Farm Clean-up 2021

Island of Ithaka, Greece

Additional Resources

How to Protect the Ocean

Podcast by Andrew Lewin

From Abandoned to Clean: How Healthy Seas is Tackling Ghost Fish Farms. With an interview to Veronika Mikos, Healthy Seas Director.

World Economic Forum

This project is cleaning up abandoned fish farms in the seas around Greece

An initiative in Greece is working to clean up abandoned fish farms which contribute to pollution and marine debris, and affect local people’s livelihoods.

Euronews

NGO cleans up contaminated Greek seas

The operation lasted ten days and targeted waters near Ithaca and Patras, where around 30 tonnes of nets and waste had collected.

Happy Eco News

Reclaiming the Sea: Transforming Abandoned Fish Farms into Vibrant Coastal Havens

A story of positive transformation after our first clean-up and how the place was transformed.

Our Latest Podcast Episode on Ghost Farms

YouTube Shorts

What are Ghost Farms?

Ghost farms, abandoned fish farms, threaten the oceans by contaminating and disturbing underwater environments. Dive into our short video to understand the urgency of this issue and join us in protecting the seas.

The Documentary

Journey to Ithaca

Direction / Editing: Michael Westreicher, Compressor Room.

Healthy Seas documentary “Journey to Ithaca” wins the award for Best Environmental Film at Cannes World Film Festival in 2023.

Latest News on Ghost Farms

Healthy Seas and Hyundai Launch Extensive Operation
29 May 2024
Reclaiming Waters: An Interview with Veronika Mikos on Ghost Farms
3 May 2024
Reclaiming Ghost Farms and Tackling Marine Pollution: Our Highlights from the Our Ocean Conference in Greece
24 April 2024
Reclaiming Our Waters on Earth Day: Operation Ghost Farms Takes on Plastic Pollution
22 April 2024
Dive into an Award-Winning Story with “Journey to Ithaca”
26 September 2023
Best Environmental Film Prize Awarded to Healthy Seas at the Cannes World Film Festival
12 May 2023